中国十大名花有哪些 ,哪个是你的最爱?
中国有十大名花:兰花、梅花、牡丹、菊花、月季、杜鹃、荷花、茶花、桂花、水仙。千百年来一直为世人所钟爱,不仅令众多文人墨客为挥毫、吟诵,更成为一种人格品性的文化象征。
花中之魁——梅花
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墙角数枝梅,
凌寒独自开。
遥知不足雪,
为有暗香来。
——王安石《咏梅》
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梅花傲雪吐艳、凌寒留香,秀雅不凡、冰心玉质,有着象征坚韧不拔、不屈不挠、奋勇当先、自强不息的精神品质,是我们中华民族与中国的精神象征。
千百年来,上至显达下至布衣,无不对梅花深爱有加。梅诗、梅画数量之多,足以令任何一种花卉都望尘莫及。
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花中之王——牡丹
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庭前芍药妖天格,
池上芙蕖争少情。
唯有牡丹真国色,
花开时节动京城。
——刘禹锡《赏牡丹》
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牡丹雍容华贵、富丽堂皇,素有“国色天香”、“花中之王”的美称。国尊繁荣昌盛,家重富贵平安,人喜幸福吉祥,这些特点和寓意,牡丹兼而有之。
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花中隐士——菊花
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,时长03:53
秋丛绕舍似陶家,
遍绕篱边日渐斜。
不是花中偏爱菊,
此花开尽更无花。
——元稹《菊花》
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菊花凌霜而绽、不趋炎势,具有顽强的生命力和高风亮节的精神。又因陶渊明采菊东篱下,由此得了“花中隐士”的封号。
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花中君子——兰花
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空谷有佳人,倏然抱幽独。
东风时拂之,香芬远弥馥。
——孙克弘《兰花》
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兰花空谷幽香、风姿典雅,是高尚的象征,寄托一个民族内敛的风华。在传统文化中,养兰、赏兰、绘兰、写兰,一直是文人雅士陶冶情操、修身养性的重要途经。
孔子曾说:“芷兰生幽谷,不以无人而不芳,君子修道立德,不为穷困而改节”,“与善人居,如入芷兰之室,久而不闻其香,即与之化矣”。
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花中皇后——月季
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一番花信一番新,
半属东风半属尘。
惟有此花开不厌,
一年长占四季春。
——张新《月季花》
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月季花容秀美、色彩鲜艳、四季盛开,不仅代表着积极向上的活力,也象征着无日不春风的长期奉献品格。
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花中西施——杜鹃
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闲折二枝持在手,
细看不似人间有。
花中此物是西施,
芙蓉芍药皆嫫母。
——白居易《山石榴寄元九》
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杜鹃花又名映山红、山石榴,繁花似锦、美丽可人。当春季满山红开放时,满山鲜艳,像彩霞绕林,被人们誉为“花中西施”。热闹而喧腾的满山红,唤起了人们对生活热烈美好的感情。而其火红旺盛也象征了相思,忠贞不渝。
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水中芙蓉——荷花
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毕竟西湖六月中,
风光不与四时同。
接天莲叶无穷碧,
映日荷花别样红。
——杨万里《晓出净慈寺送林子方》
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荷花又名莲花、水芙蓉,端庄美丽、清新脱俗。它出淤泥而不染,濯清涟而不妖,是花中品德高尚的花,象征洁身自好,清正无邪;它在宗教中的圣洁性,又象征了超脱红尘,四大皆空。总之,荷花寄寓了中国人对美和真的向往。
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花中娇客——茶花
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,时长04:05
东园三月雨兼风,
桃李飘零扫地空。
唯有山茶偏耐久,
绿丛又放数枝红。
陆游——《山茶》
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茶花四季常青,叶片翠绿光亮,给人带来无限生机和希望;又宛如牡丹,艳丽多娇,是吉祥如意,宁静祥和,和繁殖长寿,佛光普照的象征。
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花中月老——桂花
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暗淡轻黄体性柔,
情疏迹远只香留。
何须浅碧深红色,
自是花中第一流。
——李清照《鹧鸪天·桂花》(选)
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桂树淡雅烂漫、香气逼人,使人感到神清气爽,是崇高、美好、吉祥的象征;因“桂”谐音“贵”,桂花又有荣华富贵的寓意,有些地方的习俗新娘子要带桂花,则是寓意“早生贵子”。因其有很多美丽传说有月亮相关,又称“月桂”,“花中月老”。
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凌波仙子——水仙
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得水能仙天与奇,
寒香寂寞动冰肌。
仙风道骨今谁有?
淡扫蛾眉篸[zān]一枝。
——刘邦直《水仙花》
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水仙别名金盏银台,又有“凌波仙子”的雅称。花如其名,素洁的花朵,绿裙青带,亭亭玉立于清波之上,超尘脱俗;又馥郁芳香格外动人,宛若凌波仙子踏水而来。象征纯洁高尚、坚贞美好。
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这十种花,花容艳丽、各尽其美;又姿态万千、气节撩人;当得起天香国色,也代表了多层面精神文化的底蕴传承,实是令人陶醉,令人神往。