清明上河图是谁画的 北宋张择瑞清明上河图

这卷《清明上河图精品》总共钤有12枚红色方印，在卷口《清明上河图》处次钤有一枚长方印，无法辨认印里文字。在卷首《清明上河图精品》的字上面钤有六枚红色方印第一枚钤的是“乾隆御览之宝”。第二枚钤的是“国品玉印”。第三枚，第四枚，第五枚，第六枚无法辨认印里文字。此图卷尾处在字面上又钤有五枚红色方印，第一枚钤的是“国品玉印”。第二枚钤的是“乾隆御览之宝”。第三枚钤的是“真宝”。

第四枚钤的是“惠月楼”。第五枚也无法辨认印里的文字。此图是淡绿色的，图高24，8厘米，长523厘米这部分是绢丝，清朝乾隆皇帝于1744年11月于“惠月楼”用高3O厘米，长66O厘米及多层的宣纸重新装裱在卷首题写了“《清明上河图精品》”，又在此图卷尾处题跋；“清明上河图乃吾国书画之精品，其人物栩栩如生、千姿百态,房屋舟桥,气宇轩昂,集市贸易车水马龙,民俗风情跃然纸上.甲子年冬月”。相传《钦定四库全书》总校官陆费墀把清朝乾隆皇帝收藏的两卷宋代张择端的《清明上河图》偷盗出清宫，他将其中“无款姓氏”《清明上河图》卖给了乾隆二十五年(1760年)状元毕沅，毕沅死后其家被抄，《清明上河图》又归入清内府，而另外一幅张择端画的《清明上河图》真迹从此流落民间270多年至今。大家欣赏到的这幅画其实跟流落民间的张择端《清明上河图》有着千丝万缕的联系。张择端，字正道，南北宋之交的画家，东武（今山东诸城）人。

《清明上河图》是张择端在宋徽宗朝任朝翰林画院画史时所作。这幅长卷为绢本，淡着色，它是一幅用高度现实主义手法创作的长卷风俗画，通过对市俗 生活的细致描写，生动地再现了北宋汴京升平时期的繁荣景象。 北宋著名画家张择端绘制的不朽杰作《清明上河图》，是我国绘画史上的无价之宝。它是一幅用现实主义手法创作的长卷风俗画，通过对市俗生活的细致描绘，生动地再现了北宋汴京承平时期的繁荣景象。 《清明上河图》大至原野、浩河、商廊，小至舟车人物、摊铺、摆设、市招文字皆统组一起，真实自然，令人有如临其境之感。整部作品长而不冗，繁而不乱，严密紧凑，有如一气呵成，充分表现了画家张择端的过人笔力，不愧为中华艺术宝库中的稀世珍宝，精品的存世量愈发稀少，还将具有很大的升值空间。

There are 12 red square seals on this volume of "The Best Picture of the River during the Qingming Festival". There is a rectangular seal on the second seal of the volume of "The Picture of the River during the Qingming Festival" at the opening of the volume, and the characters in the seal cannot be recognized. There are six red square seals on the head of the book "The Best Picture of the River during the Qingming Festival". The first seal is "The Treasure of the Emperor Qianlong". The second seal is "national jade seal". The third, the fourth, the fifth, and the sixth could not recognize the Hinri characters. There are five red square seals at the end of the scroll, and the first one is "national jade seal". The second seal is "the treasure of Qianlong imperial palace". The third seal is "real treasure". The fourth seal is "Huiyue Building". The fifth one could not recognize the characters in the seal. This picture is light green. It is 24,8 cm high and 523 cm long. This part is silk. In November 1744, the Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty used rice paper with a height of 30 cm, a length of 660 cm and multiple layers to repaint the picture in the "Huiyue Tower" and wrote "The Best Picture of the River during the Qingming Festival" at the beginning of the volume; "The picture of the river on the Qingming Festival is a masterpiece of our country's calligraphy and painting. Its characters are lifelike and colorful. The houses and bridges are majestic, the market trade is busy, and the folk customs are vividly on the paper. It is said that Lu Feichi, the chief officer of the Imperial Siku Quanshu, stole two volumes of the Qingming River Map collected by Zhang Zeduan of the Song Dynasty from the Palace of the Qing Dynasty. He sold it to Bi Yuan, the No. 1 scholar in the 25th year of Qianlong's reign (1760). After Bi Yuan's death, his home was copied, The authentic work of the picture of the river during the Qingming Festival, painted by Zhang Zeduan, has been living among the people for more than 270 years. In fact, this painting you enjoy is inextricably linked with Zhang Zeduan's Picture of the River during the Qingming Festival. Zhang Zeduan, a painter at the turn of the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties, is a native of Dongwu (now Shandong cities). The Picture of the River during the Qingming Festival was painted by Zhang Zeduan during the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty. This long scroll is made of silk and lightly colored. It is a long scroll genre painting created with highly realistic techniques. Through the detailed description of the market life, it vividly represents the prosperity of Bianjing in the Northern Song Dynasty during its elevation. The immortal masterpiece The Picture of the River during the Qingming Festival, painted by Zhang Zeduan, a famous painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, is a priceless treasure in the history of Chinese painting. It is a long scroll genre painting created with realism, which vividly represents the prosperity of the Chengping period of Bianjing in the Northern Song Dynasty through the detailed description of the city customs. The Picture of Going to the River during the Qingming Festival is composed of the characters, pavements, decorations and the characters of the boat cars, from the vast fields, the vast rivers and the business corridors to the small ones. The whole work is long but not redundant, complex but not disorderly, tight and compact, as if it were completed in one go. It fully demonstrates the excellent brushwork of the painter Zhang Zeduan, and is worthy of being a rare treasure in the treasure house of Chinese art. The number of fine works is becoming more and more rare, and there will be great room for appreciation.